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Normal Transitional Cells
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- Superficial transitional cells ("umbrella cells"):
- form the majority of cells in specimens
- vary greatly in size and shape, but generally are flat, large, polygonal cells
- abundant thin (transparent) cytoplasm, +/- vacuolation
- nuclear chromatin is dusty or finely granular (salt and pepper) without nucleoli
- multinucleation (>2, <50) may be seen as a reactive change, along with small red nucleoli
- Deep transitional cells
- same as superficial cells, except smaller with denser blue cytoplasm
- Increased numbers seen with: instrumentation/ catheterization; calculi; and inflammatory/ neoplastic conditions.
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