<p><strong>For patients with a history of uric acid stones, clinicians should recommend a sufficient fluid intake to produce a urinary volume of at least 2.5 L (85 oz) daily in adult patients, and at least 30 mL/kg in pediatric patients. (<em>Expert Opinion</em>)</strong></p>
Discussion
Discussion
<p>Greater urinary volume reduces the risk of recurrent uric acid stones by increasing urine flow, diluting urine, and preventing uric acid crystallization. While water is the generally recommended fluid, other alkali-containing beverages that raise urinary pH, such as orange juice,<sup>202</sup> provide an additional benefit against uric acid crystallization and should be considered. The sugar and calorie content of alkali-containing beverages should also be considered, especially in patients with pre-diabetes or diabetes. No published study has prospectively examined the impact of higher fluid intake on uric acid stone recurrence. </p>